Pt
195.080Platinum
Platin
Platinum is a precious platinum-group metal with atomic number 78. It is central to catalytic converters, PEM fuel cells, cisplatin chemotherapy, petroleum reforming, jewelry and platinum isotope chemistry.
78
195.08 g/mol
[Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d⁹ 6s¹
2 | 8 | 18 | 32 | 17 | 1
2.28
21.45 g/cm³
1768.3 °C
3824.8 °C
Antonio de Ulloa
Platinum was used by pre-Columbian peoples in South America and became known to Europeans from platinum-bearing gold ores. The name comes from Spanish platina, meaning little silver.
Platinum-190
Natural abundance: About 0.01%. Half-life: About 4.8 x 10¹¹ years. Very rare long-lived alpha-emitting natural platinum isotope.Platinum-192
Natural abundance: About 0.78%. Stable isotope of platinum.Platinum-194
Natural abundance: About 32.9%. Stable isotope of platinum.Platinum-195
Natural abundance: About 33.8%. Most abundant natural platinum isotope and NMR-active isotope.Platinum-196
Natural abundance: About 25.2%. Stable isotope of platinum.Platinum-198
Natural abundance: About 7.4%. Stable isotope of platinum.cis-[Pt(NH₃)₂Cl₂]
CisplatinChemotherapy drug that forms DNA crosslinks.H₂PtCl₆
Chloroplatinic AcidPrecursor for platinum catalysts and plating chemistry.PtO₂
Adams CatalystHydrogenation catalyst in organic chemistry.Pt/C
Platinum on CarbonHydrogenation and fuel-cell catalyst material.- Automotive catalytic converters for converting CO, hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides
- PEM fuel cell catalysts for hydrogen oxidation and oxygen reduction
- Cisplatin and related platinum chemotherapy drugs
- Jewelry, investment metals and corrosion-resistant laboratory ware
- Petroleum reforming and hydrogenation catalysts
Elemental platinum has no essential biological role and is relatively inert. Platinum compounds such as cisplatin and carboplatin are important chemotherapy drugs that act by damaging DNA in cancer cells.
- Platinum catalytic converters are a major reason modern car exhaust is cleaner than untreated exhaust.
- Cisplatin helped transform treatment outcomes for some cancers, especially testicular cancer.
- The old international kilogram prototype was a platinum-iridium alloy cylinder.
- Platinum is less reactive than many metals, which helps explain its corrosion resistance and use in jewelry.
- Platinum has atomic number 78 and symbol Pt.
- Its electron configuration is [Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d⁹ 6s¹.
- Common oxidation states include +2 and +4.
- Remember platinum for catalytic converters, fuel cells and cisplatin chemotherapy.
What is the atomic number of platinum?
The atomic number of platinum is 78.
What is the electron configuration of platinum?
Platinum has the electron configuration [Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d⁹ 6s¹.
What is platinum used for?
Platinum is used in catalytic converters, fuel cells, chemotherapy drugs, jewelry, petroleum catalysts and laboratory equipment.
Why is platinum used in catalytic converters?
Platinum catalyzes oxidation reactions that convert carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons into less harmful products.
What is cisplatin?
Cisplatin is a platinum-containing chemotherapy drug that forms DNA crosslinks and interferes with cancer cell division.
Is platinum a precious metal?
Yes. Platinum is a dense, corrosion-resistant precious metal and a member of the platinum-group metals.