Au
196.970Gold
Altın
Gold is a noble transition metal with atomic number 79 and symbol Au. It is valued for jewelry, electronics, coins, gold nanoparticles, infrared reflective coatings such as JWST mirror coating and distinctive relativistic color.
79
196.97 g/mol
[Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6s¹
2 | 8 | 18 | 32 | 18 | 1
2.54
19.3 g/cm³
1064.2 °C
2855.8 °C
Antik çağ
Gold has been known since ancient times and was one of the first metals worked by humans. Its symbol Au comes from Latin aurum, and gold has shaped coinage, trade, jewelry and monetary systems for thousands of years.
Gold-197
Natural abundance: 100%. The only stable natural gold isotope.Gold-198
Half-life: About 2.7 days. Artificial beta- and gamma-emitting isotope used in research and some medical contexts.AuCl₃
Gold(III) ChlorideGold chemistry precursor and Lewis acid catalyst source.HAuCl₄
Chloroauric AcidGold plating and gold nanoparticle synthesis precursor.Auranofin
AuranofinGold-containing drug used for rheumatoid arthritis and studied in other biomedical research.AuNP
Gold NanoparticlesDiagnostic labels, plasmonic materials and biomedical research tools.- Jewelry, coins, investment bars and cultural objects
- Corrosion-resistant electrical contacts, bond wires and connectors
- Gold nanoparticles in lateral-flow diagnostic tests and biomedical research
- Infrared-reflective coatings, including gold-coated space telescope mirrors
- Dental alloys and specialized catalysis or nanotechnology applications
Elemental gold has no essential biological role and is generally inert. Gold nanoparticles and gold compounds are used in diagnostic tests, research and some medical contexts such as auranofin.
- Gold’s yellow color is explained by relativistic effects that shift electronic transitions into the visible region.
- Gold nanoparticles can appear red or purple because of localized surface plasmon resonance.
- The James Webb Space Telescope uses a thin gold coating because gold reflects infrared light very well.
- Gold is highly malleable; very small amounts can be beaten into extremely thin leaf.
- Gold has atomic number 79 and symbol Au.
- Its electron configuration is [Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6s¹.
- Common oxidation states include +1 and +3.
- Remember gold for noble-metal behavior, electronics contacts, nanoparticles and relativistic color.
What is the atomic number of gold?
The atomic number of gold is 79.
What is the electron configuration of gold?
Gold has the electron configuration [Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6s¹.
What is gold used for?
Gold is used in jewelry, electronics, coins, diagnostics, nanoparticles, coatings and dental or specialty materials.
Why is the symbol for gold Au?
Gold’s symbol Au comes from aurum, the Latin word for gold.
Why is gold yellow?
Relativistic effects in gold shift electronic transitions so that blue light is absorbed and yellow light is reflected.
Does gold have stable isotopes?
Yes. Natural gold consists entirely of stable gold-197.