Ru
101.070Ruthenium
Rutenyum
Ruthenium is a platinum-group transition metal with atomic number 44. It is used in catalysts, electrical contacts, RuO₂ electrodes, hard-disk materials, solar-cell research and corrosion-resistant alloys.
44
101.07 g/mol
[Kr] 4d⁷ 5s¹
2 | 8 | 18 | 15 | 1
2.2
12.45 g/cm³
2333.8 °C
4149.9 °C
Karl Ernst Claus
Ruthenium was isolated in 1844 by Karl Ernst Claus from platinum ore residues. Its name refers to Ruthenia, a historical Latin name associated with Russian lands.
Ruthenium-96
Natural abundance: About 5.5%. Stable isotope of ruthenium.Ruthenium-98
Natural abundance: About 1.9%. Stable isotope of ruthenium.Ruthenium-99
Natural abundance: About 12.8%. Stable isotope of ruthenium.Ruthenium-100
Natural abundance: About 12.6%. Stable isotope of ruthenium.Ruthenium-101
Natural abundance: About 17.1%. Stable isotope of ruthenium.Ruthenium-102
Natural abundance: About 31.6%. The most abundant stable isotope of ruthenium.Ruthenium-104
Natural abundance: About 18.6%. Stable isotope of ruthenium.RuO₂
Ruthenium DioxideElectrode coating, catalyst support and electrochemical material.RuCl₃
Ruthenium(III) ChlorideCommon precursor for ruthenium catalysts and complexes.Ru(bpy)₃²⁺
Tris(bipyridine)ruthenium(II)Photochemistry, electrochemiluminescence and solar-cell research compound.- Hardening platinum and palladium alloys
- RuO₂ electrode coatings in electrochemical and chlor-alkali applications
- Catalysts for chemical synthesis and ammonia-related chemistry
- Ruthenium complexes in dye-sensitized solar cell research
- Thin films and magnetic layers in electronic data storage
Ruthenium has no known essential biological role.
- Ruthenium is a platinum-group metal.
- RuO₂ coatings can act as durable anodes in harsh electrochemical environments.
- Ruthenium complexes are famous in photochemistry and dye-sensitized solar cell research.
- Ruthenium has an electron configuration exception: [Kr] 4d⁷ 5s¹.
- Ruthenium has atomic number 44 and belongs to group 8.
- Its electron configuration is [Kr] 4d⁷ 5s¹.
- Ruthenium can show many oxidation states, including +2, +3, +4 and +8.
- Ruthenium belongs to the platinum-group metals with Ru, Rh, Pd, Os, Ir and Pt.
What is the atomic number of ruthenium?
The atomic number of ruthenium is 44.
What is the electron configuration of ruthenium?
Ruthenium has the electron configuration [Kr] 4d⁷ 5s¹.
What is ruthenium used for?
Ruthenium is used in catalysts, electrode coatings, electronics, alloy hardening, solar-cell research and specialty chemical systems.
Is ruthenium a platinum-group metal?
Yes. Ruthenium is one of the platinum-group metals.
What is ruthenium dioxide used for?
Ruthenium dioxide is used in electrode coatings, electrochemical devices and catalyst-related materials.
Why are ruthenium complexes important?
Ruthenium complexes are important in catalysis, photochemistry, electrochemiluminescence and dye-sensitized solar cell research.