Tb
158.930Terbium
Terbiyum
Terbium is a lanthanide with atomic number 65. It is important in green phosphors, Terfenol-D magnetostrictive materials, rare earth magnets, optical isolator glasses and time-resolved fluorescence research.
65
158.93 g/mol
[Xe] 4f⁹ 6s²
2 | 8 | 18 | 27 | 8 | 2
1.2
8.23 g/cm³
1355.8 °C
3229.8 °C
Carl Gustaf Mosander
Terbium was discovered by Carl Gustaf Mosander in 1843 while studying yttria fractions. It is named after Ytterby, the Swedish village that also gave names to yttrium, erbium and ytterbium.
Terbium-159
Natural abundance: 100%. The only stable natural terbium isotope.Tb₄O₇
Terbium OxideCommon terbium oxide precursor for phosphors and ceramics.LaPO₄:Ce,Tb
Cerium-Terbium Doped Lanthanum PhosphateCommercial green phosphor for lighting.Tb₀.₃Dy₀.₇Fe₂
Terfenol-DGiant magnetostrictive material for actuators and sonar.- Terbium-doped green phosphors for fluorescent lamps, displays and efficient lighting
- Terfenol-D magnetostrictive alloy for sonar transducers, sensors and actuators
- Terbium additions to rare earth magnets for higher coercivity and high-temperature performance
- Terbium-doped glass in Faraday rotators and optical isolator components
- Time-resolved fluorescence labels in biochemical assays
Terbium has no essential biological role. Terbium fluorescence is useful in biochemical labeling and time-resolved assays.
- Terfenol-D can change shape in a magnetic field far more than ordinary metals, making it useful for precision actuators.
- Tb³⁺ emission gives a strong green color used in phosphor technology.
- Terbium is monoisotopic: natural terbium is essentially all terbium-159.
- The name Terfenol-D combines terbium, iron, Naval Ordnance Laboratory and dysprosium.
- Terbium has atomic number 65 and is a lanthanide.
- Its electron configuration is [Xe] 4f⁹ 6s².
- The common oxidation state is +3, though +4 chemistry exists in some compounds.
- Remember terbium for green phosphors and Terfenol-D magnetostriction.
What is the atomic number of terbium?
The atomic number of terbium is 65.
What is the electron configuration of terbium?
Terbium has the electron configuration [Xe] 4f⁹ 6s².
What is terbium used for?
Terbium is used in green phosphors, Terfenol-D, rare earth magnets, optical isolators and fluorescence labels.
What is Terfenol-D?
Terfenol-D is a terbium-dysprosium-iron alloy with giant magnetostriction, used in actuators, sensors and sonar devices.
What color does terbium produce in phosphors?
Terbium(III) phosphors are known for strong green emission.
Does terbium have stable isotopes?
Yes. Natural terbium consists of stable terbium-159.