Cu
63.546Copper
Bakır
Copper is a highly conductive transition metal with atomic number 29 and symbol Cu. It is essential in electrical wiring, plumbing, heat exchangers, bronze, brass, antimicrobial surfaces and many biological redox enzymes.
29
63.546 g/mol
[Ar] 3d¹⁰ 4s¹
2 | 8 | 18 | 1
1.9
8.96 g/cm³
1084.6 °C
2561.8 °C
Antik çağ
Copper has been used since ancient times and helped define the Bronze Age when alloyed with tin. The symbol Cu comes from cuprum, a Latin name linked to Cyprus, an important ancient copper source.
Copper-63
Natural abundance: About 69.2%. The most abundant stable isotope of copper.Copper-65
Natural abundance: About 30.8%. Stable isotope of copper.CuO
Copper(II) OxideBlack oxide used in ceramics, pigments and copper chemistry.Cu₂O
Copper(I) OxideRed oxide used in pigments, antifouling paints and semiconductor research.CuSO₄·5H₂O
Copper(II) Sulfate PentahydrateBlue compound used in fungicides, electroplating and laboratory chemistry.CuCl₂
Copper(II) ChlorideUsed in etching, catalysis and copper chemistry.Cu₂(OH)₂CO₃
Basic Copper CarbonateGreen-blue patina-like material related to weathered copper surfaces.- Electrical wiring and electronics because copper conducts electricity very well
- Plumbing, heat exchangers and roofing due to thermal conductivity and corrosion resistance
- Bronze, brass and other copper alloys
- Antimicrobial surfaces in hospitals and high-touch environments
- Printed circuit boards and electroplating
Copper is an essential trace element. It is found in enzymes involved in respiration, antioxidant defense, iron metabolism and melanin production, but excess copper can be toxic.
- Copper has the electron configuration exception [Ar] 3d¹⁰ 4s¹.
- Copper is second only to silver among common metals for electrical conductivity.
- The green color of aged copper surfaces comes from protective patina compounds.
- Bronze is mainly copper and tin, while brass is mainly copper and zinc.
- Iron can displace copper from copper(II) sulfate solution because iron is more reactive than copper.
- Copper has atomic number 29 and belongs to group 11.
- Its electron configuration is [Ar] 3d¹⁰ 4s¹, not [Ar] 3d⁹ 4s².
- Common oxidation states are +1 and +2.
- Cu²⁺ compounds are often blue or green, while Cu₂O is red and CuO is black.
What is the atomic number of copper?
The atomic number of copper is 29.
What is the electron configuration of copper?
Copper has the electron configuration [Ar] 3d¹⁰ 4s¹.
Why is copper an electron configuration exception?
Copper has a filled 3d¹⁰ subshell and one 4s electron because the filled d subshell is especially stable.
What is copper used for?
Copper is used in electrical wiring, plumbing, heat exchangers, alloys, printed circuit boards, antimicrobial surfaces and electroplating.
What is the difference between bronze and brass?
Bronze is mainly copper with tin, while brass is mainly copper with zinc.
What happens when iron is placed in copper sulfate solution?
Iron displaces copper from copper(II) sulfate solution, forming iron(II) sulfate and copper metal because iron is more reactive.
Why does copper turn green?
Copper turns green when surface reactions form patina compounds such as basic copper carbonates and hydroxides.